Fundamentals of Gangs Essay -- Gangs Gang Drugs Crime Essays

Fundamentals of Gangs Street gangs are an organization of young people that are usually in their teens and twenties. They join together and claim a territory or neighborhood as their own. They are known for being violent and heavily involved in drug peddling. On the streets graffiti is the means of communication of territorial limits and to challenge other gangs. A challenge can be anything from making a mark on enemy territory or crossing out enemy tag. There are generally 4 types of individuals associated with street gangs. The â€Å"hard-cores† are the members who talk, act, dress, and commit criminal acts as a gang member. The â€Å"Associates† will identify themselves with gang members in there neighborhood, but rarly get involved. the â€Å"Peripherals† are those who identify with gangs for protection or for favors. These are mostly women . They are used to carry drugs or guns for members in return for money or drugs. Than there are the â€Å"gonna-be’s† they are people who aren’t gang members but wear gang clothes and act like gang members. They are sometimes more dangerous than normal members. They are the recruitment pool for new members. The gang warfare of the 1980’s into today, is just as dangerous to join as to be a member. To join one of these gangs one must do all sorts of crazy things to â€Å"prove your loyalty to the gang.† Which could be anything from committing a crime to playing Russian roulette. Crip members initiate into the gang by committing a crime in front of gang witnesses. The initiation process is called â€Å"Loc'ing†-In. Female members have the option to commit a crime or become Sexed-In (Sex with several older members). The most common form of initiation into other gangs is something that they call â€Å"walking the line.† The â€Å"prospect† is instructed to walk between two lines of gang members, with his/her hands behind them, while members beat and kick them. The prospect must repeat this process until they get from one end of the line to the other without falling down. Along with the initiation routines is the memorization of alliance and set history, organization and mythical symbolism that the gangs refer to as â€Å"knowledge.† Some of this knowledge was the explosion of Street Gangs in the Los Angeles area during the mid to late twentieth century. There were three main periods where gangs in Los Angeles grew at a rapid rate. The first of which was... ...nforcement to track and identity. Presently there are about 200 known Crip gangs in Los Angeles and 70 Blood gangs. Both the Crips and the Bloods developed their own distinctive style that would let anyone recognize them at a sight glance. Just by looking at the color of their clothes, or their tattoos they can be easily distinguished. The Crips started using the color blue for their clothing to set them apart from other gangs. Also the Crips began referring to each other as â€Å"Cuzz,† short for cousin. While the bloods wore red, and referred to each other as â€Å"bloods.† A select group of bloods get a tattoo of two burned dots over a single burned dot. This represents a dog’s paw, so they refer to each other as â€Å"dog’s.† A lot of times members of the Crips dislike using words that start with â€Å"B† and bloods dislike using words that start with â€Å"C.† So to a blood a word like cigarette would bigarette.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  These gangs have a long and complex history that came together in the 1980’s to have many riots and gang wars. Many people were killed it was horrible. There history has been filled with a lot of violence. And now what started as a group of people has turned into a way of life.

Qnt 561 Week 4

Individual Assignment: Week 4 QNT 561 November 1, 2010 Lee Chang Question 5 In the following situations, decide whether you would use a personal interview, telephone survey, or self-administered questionnaire. Give your reasons. a) A survey of the residents of a new subdivision on why they happened to select that area in which to live. You also wish to secure some information about what they like and do not like about life in the subdivision. In this situation I would use a personal interview to acquire the desired information.Many subdivisions have an interview process before with the association to fit the required profile of the neighborhood and some of the information can be obtained at the initial interview. After some time passes a follow up interview can be conducted to acquire the rest of the information. In addition minimal staff is needed to conduct the surveys and get the information which means a lower cost. This will also lead to good cooperation from the new residents o f the sub-division. b. A poll of students at Metro University on their preferences among three candidates who are running for president of the student government. For this situation I would choose a personal interview. On many campuses these types of surveys are administered by a volunteer student group. The use of the groups means less overhead costs making the personal interviews favorable and able to endure for weeks before the vote. For the participants there will be a higher level of cooperation as opposed to telephone and or self-administered survey.In addition follow-up question can be asked leading to more in-depth analysis of the perception of the candidates. The only disadvantage in this situation would be participants unwillingness to talk to strangers on campus. b) A survey of 58 wholesale grocery companies, scattered over the eastern United States, on their personnel management policies for warehouse personnel. For surveying 58 grocery companies over the eastern seaboar d I would use a telephone survey.The telephone survey could be conducted by a trained interviewer who would be able to extract the information pertaining to the personnel management policies for warehouse personnel. The telephone survey allows the company to expand the geographic coverage with minimal cost although in some situations this will increase costs in this situation all being on the east coast time can be arranged to reach all 58 wholesale companies. c) A survey of financial officers of the Fortune 500 corporations to learn their predictions for the economic outlook in their industries in the next year.Given the nature of the survey I would use a self administered survey. With the need to reach a large geographic sample for the fortune 500 a self administered survey would be the most appropriate. Many of these surveys have been conducted in previous years and the use of the internet and email would be the best to reach all of the FOs and obtained the desired information. T he Financial Officers are relatively impossible to reach so the self-administered survey is the best option.In addition this is the lowest cost option given the minimal staff needed to tabulate the predictions for the economic outlook in their respective industries for the up-coming year. Looking at the level of sophistication of the information more complex tools can be utilized for the self-administered survey. d) A study of applicant requirements, job tasks, and performance expectations as part of a job analysis of student work-study jobs on a college campus of 2,000 students, where 1,500 are involved in the work-study program. This survey would be best conducted by a phone survey.To reach 2,000 students and obtain the amount of information needed for the study a phone survey would be best. With work study there will be hard-to-reach participants using a phone survey and a computerized random dialing system will be the most efficient survey method. Although some participants may not be reached due to not working numbers and some incomplete responses the benefits out way the disadvantages.References: Cooper, D. R. & Schindler, P. S. (2006). Business research methods (9th ed. ). Boston: McGraw Hill/Irwin.

The Automobiles And Law Of Motion - 1100 Words

Introduction: In our life, what the one thing we will be in more than our beloved home, our vehicles. For most of us, the vehicle is the most important transportation devices within our modern life. Whether you are taking a bus, carpooling, or driving your own car, we can all share this common action that among us. And for this reason, that I decided to do my research paper on the automobiles and law of motion. Most of us that drive or have been in a moving vehicle doesn’t know much of the physic behind it. Like when you press the gas pedal why does the car go forward, or what force is behind it. When you press the brake, does the car just add negative acceleration or the wheel just stop moving. How come you can’t do certain thing in a civilian car, but can do other thing in like a drift car or race car. Knowing the physic behind our second home, can be beneficial if something breaks down. Because knowing the relativity of our machine, can prevent us from being over charged when goin g to a repair shop. Isaac newton law of motion help explain this modern era important invention that transformed the human races from horseback riding to vehicle driven. The main reason why I picked this topic is because, of how much modern vehicle have been part of our life. The vehicle is no longer just an item, but it is part of our lives, part of our family, if something were happen to it we would feel depressed and sad. If you have ever have been involved in a car accident you know theShow MoreRelatedThe Automobiles And Law Of Motion1513 Words   |  7 Pagesimportant transportation devices within our modern life. Whether you are taking a bus, carpooling, or driving your own car, we can all share this common action that among us. And for this reason, that I decided to do my research paper on the automobiles and law of motion. Most of us that drive or have been in a moving vehicle doesn’t know much of the physic behind it. Like when you press the gas pedal why does the c ar go forward, or what force is behind it. When you press the brake, does the car just addRead MoreLaws Of Motion And Automobiles2132 Words   |  9 PagesLaws of Motion and Automobiles Felicia Huerta Pre-AP Physicsâ€Æ' Sir Isaac Newton once stated, â€Å"I can calculate the motion of heavenly bodies, but not the madness of people,† referring to the ability to prevent accidents from occurring. Throughout my research paper, I will be discussing how the Newton’s Laws of Motion apply to automobiles. I believe this is an extremely interesting and relatable topic because we are at the age where we are beginning to drive without relying on our parents. AlthoughRead More The Physics of Automobile Accidents Essay examples580 Words   |  3 PagesThe Physics of Automobile Accidents Automobile accidents happen all around us. We see cars in the middle of the road after just rear ending each other. We see cars driving around town with big dents in them. Do you ever stop to wonder how car accidents happen? Physics; that’s how they happen. There are several aspects of physics that apply to automobile accidents. An aspect of physics that is applicable to automobile accidents is kinetic energy. Kinetic energy can be defined as the energyRead MoreCase Analysis : V. J. Foster Phillips Funeral Home, Inc. 2014 Ny Slip Op 504361274 Words   |  6 Pages Greer Lukens Case Brief #1 BUS251 SC01 12:15 – 13:30 S. Conroy 10 April, 2015 Mobley v. J. Foster Phillips Funeral Home, Inc. 2015 NY slip Op 50436(U) History: Plaintiff’s and Defendant’s were involved in an automobile accident that occurred on 3 November, 2010. Whereby, the Plaintiff’s are suing for personal injury as a result of injuries sustained or allegedly sustained during subject accident. The NY Supreme Court, Queens County decided the case and no lower courts authoredRead MoreNewton s Law Of Motion1852 Words   |  8 Pagesselected is â€Å"How do the laws of motion apply to automobiles?† I choose this topic because there is plenty of concepts used in physics that can be applied to the topic that I chose. Also this question targets an everyday object and is a real life example of how physics applied to the world and my life. One concept that can be applied to this question are Newton’s Laws of Motion. Newton’s first law is called the Law of Inertia. This states that an object in motion will stay in motion and an object at restRead MoreThe Phenomenon of Motion in Physics892 Words   |   4 Pagesthe word motion in terms of physics from ‘a simple movement’ to ‘a change in position, if acted upon by an unbalanced force’. In modern physics, motion is the change in position of an object with respect to its time and its reference point. Motion can be described as both scalar and vector quantity in relation to displacement, speed, direction, velocity, acceleration and time. If an object in not changing its position over time, then it is said to be in a stationary position. Every motion in the universeRead MoreEssay about Vehicle Design: Airbag System764 Words   |  4 PagesThe more time the force has to act on the passenger in order to slow them down, the less damage is caused to them. Q2. Head Restraints Today, headrests are found in every type of car to avoid neck injuries that happen during an automobile collision. The head rest is important for preventing whiplash in rear impact crashes. In some cases of collisions when the car slams into another object or the brakes are slammed in quickly, the body stays still in the same position. However, theRead MoreHow Gasoline Is Used For Power The Average Automobile Within An Internal Combustion Engine1328 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction I will describe in my own terms how gasoline is used to power the average automobile within an internal combustion engine. I will describe this process from the perspective of thermodynamics. The reason I feel this an interesting topic is the automobile has become such a steady presence in the daily life of society over the past century that we often take for granted the amount of science and engineering that go into them. The thermodynamics involved are a direct daily applicationRead MoreCrumple Zone864 Words   |  4 Pagesair bags. The crumple zone in my own words is a zone built in an automobile to compress when an accident occurs. This was built to absorb â€Å"deformation† energy from the impact. The other reason it was built, which is more common is to reduce the deaths in car accidents. Crumple zones are mostly located in the front of a car and this will absorb the energy from â€Å"head on collisions†. They are also placed in the back of an automobile to a bsorb energy from the â€Å"rear end collisions†. How does a crumpleRead MoreThe State Farm Fire And Casualty Company1130 Words   |  5 PagesLLP, and hereby files this Memorandum of Law in Support of its Motion for Sanctions for Failure to Respond to Discovery pursuant to Md. Rule 3-421(h), and in support thereof, states as follows: STATEMENT OF FACTS I. The Underlying Occurrence. Plaintiff, Toni Arnold (â€Å"Arnold†) contends—in total—that: On or about June 25, 2016, the Plaintiff’s automobile, a 2006 Lincoln LS, was stolen from her and burned to the point where the property damage to the automobile was determined to be a total loss. At the

Death Penalty for Rape - 1083 Words

The Death Penalty for Rape in the United States Since our country was formed the use of the Death Penalty has always been a controversial subject mainly because, the government is taking an individual’s life. This has been a form of punishment for thousands of years and for hundreds of years in the United States. It has been debated for years that the death penalty is unconstitutional and many people have thought that it violates the 8th amendment because it is possibly a â€Å"cruel and unusual punishment†. It has since been left up to the states to decide if they will allow the death penalty or eradicate it. As we go deeper into the subject of capital punishment we are met with even more controversy as we approach the subject†¦show more content†¦There are also several drawbacks to having the death penalty for rape. The main drawback is that some people think that capital punishment is way too harsh for the crime of rape. First off it is said that in crimes where no one is murdered such as rap e is not deserving of a taking of their right to life that is guaranteed to them by the Declaration of Independence. This was confirmed by the Supreme Court case Coker v. Georgia, which states that â€Å"while not disproportionate in the case of murder, was â€Å"grossly disproportionate† and â€Å"excessive punishment† in the case of rape.† (Coker v. Georgia, 1977) Another belief is that if the death penalty is imposed for the crime of rape, rapists will choose to not only rape women but also kill them since the penalty imposed is already death so basically they can’t receive a worse sentence. (Park, B.J. 2010) The final and very vital drawback if the death penalty was used in rape is that the death penalty is an exclusive punishment only reserved for the worst of the worst and since rape is such a popular crime it would be used too much. This country wants to infrequently use the death penalty. (Park, B.J. 2010) In my opinion the death penalty should be used only for certain rape cases, those in which are extra malicious such as a child rape case or incest cases the reason I would onlyShow MoreRelatedShould Death Penalty Be More Harder?958 Words   |  4 Pagesthat sexual assaults or rapes occur in Thailand and about 32,000 woman and girls were raped or abused; 1 woman every 15 minutes. This is a serious problem in Thailand since the number of rapes or abuses never decreased and tend to increase each year. Moreover, rape cases which occur indecent years provoke public anger that make they think that punishment of raping should be more harder. The issue of given death penalty to rapist has been widely debated since the number of rapes tend to increase andRead MoreDeath Penalty : A Capital Crime And For Murder993 Words   |  4 Pages Death Penalty Robert Mercado English 11th Mrs. Kempsey May 17th, 2016 Death Penalty Death penalty is given when a person commits a capital crime and for murder. The eighth amendment forbids extreme punishment on the criminals when the it is excessive to the crime. Ehrlich Anthony Coker was a man who committed many crimes and was set up for the death penalty. He should have gotten consider on the account of what he had done to his victims, and the eighth amendment is supposed toRead MoreThe Case Of Kennedy V. Louisiana976 Words   |  4 Pagesneighborhood. He was convicted sentenced to death 2003. On March 2nd 1988 the victim sustained severe injuries; the injuries required emergency surgery because the rape was so brutal. Louisiana law authorized capital punishment for the rape of a child twelve years and younger. Mr. Patrick Kennedy challenged his sentence under the eighteen amendments as cruel and unusual punishment. The Louisiana Supreme Court declined the challenged that the death penalty was not too harsh for such a wicked crimeRead MoreThe Case Of Ehrlich Coker798 Words   |  4 PagesOn December 5, 1971, Ehrlich Coker was to have allegedly raped and stabbed a young woman to death. Less than a year later, he kidnapped and raped a sixteen year old female. There was an additional victim in which he tortured the young woman and abandoned her in a wooded area. After his apprehension, Mr. Coker pled guilty to the offenses. â€Å" He was sentenced by three separate courts to three life terms, two 20-year terms, and one 8-year term of imprisonment† (Brody Acker, 2010, p. 57). While MrRead MoreCapital Punishment During The Colonial Era1165 Words   |  5 PagesBritain was the biggest influence on America when it came to utilizing the death penalty. The death penalty was used for minor offenses such as stealing, killing animals, and trading with Indians. As the late 1700s approached, a movement towards abolishing the death penalty began. Beccaria wrote an essay in 1767 called â€Å"Crimes and Punishment,† that had a signifi cant impact on the world’s opinion towards the death penalty (Bohm,1999). Beccaria suggested that there was no justification for the governmentRead MoreCapital Punishment Of The United States1588 Words   |  7 Pagespunishment, also referred to as the death penalty, is the utmost form of punishment in the United States. It is the method of punishment by execution legally given to a criminal convicted of a crime. Capital punishment originated from many early societies, it is only imposed on people who have committed very serious crimes, and only five different execution types are currently used in the United States. The death penalty has been around for a while. The first death penalty laws date back to the eighteenthRead MoreIs The Death Penalty Immoral?1622 Words   |  7 PagesIs the death penalty immoral? In the United States, if a human being commits a capital crime, they can receive the punishment of execution administered by that state in which they performed that crime. When someone commits a capital crime, the jury can issue a guilty verdict that is punishable by death through lethal injection or electrocution. The death penalty is viewed as an extremely controversial topic that is debated daily among individuals. Determining fair punishment for committing a crimeRead MoreRape in India1190 Words   |  5 PagesRape in India Brittany Jones As a woman in the United States, rape is the ultimate nightmare, but to women in India it’s everyday life. Many rape victims’ stories just show how the police in India fail to respond adequately to crimes, especially crimes involving children or women. On February 14th, three girls that were five, nine, and 11 were raped and murdered in the village of Lakhni, India. When the girl’s grandfather reported the girls missing to the police nothing was done about itRead MorePersuasive Essay On Abortion1594 Words   |  7 Pagesdoes not permit her to infringe on the rights of, or endanger, another. For example, the right of a man to do what he wants with his body does not permit him to rape women. And a woman’s right to do what she wants with her hands ends when she uses them to drown her children. Choice, then, is not absolute. Indeed, some choices are wrong: rape, murder, abuse, etc. Since we would not allow a mother to kill her born children by choice, we must not permit her to kill her preborn children for the same reasonRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is It Ever Justified?1111 Words   |  5 Pagesbeing committed more often. The death penalty is something that is needed here in the United States to help lower these ongoin g vicious crime rates. In the essay â€Å"The Death Penalty: Is It Ever Justified?† Written by Edward I. Koch, this exact issue is discussed. Koch believes capital punishment in the form of the death penalty may help make these criminals to understand morality, or right from wrong. He states, â€Å"Life is indeed precious, and I believe the death penalty helps to affirm that fact† (483)

The Supernatural Element Of Witchcraft - 1184 Words

Temptation is more than the mere the promise of glory, it is an intense allurement that is can be physically uncontrollable despite our awareness of our actions’ consequences. The nature of temptation in Macbeth raises numerous questions regarding the human condition as Shakespeare introduces the supernatural element of witchcraft by using the Wyrd Sisters to entice Macbeth and propel the plot of the play. Many have debated the degree of responsibility that the witches should shoulder regarding Macbeth’s fall as a protagonist. English poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge once said that the witches in Macbeth â€Å"only have the power of tempting those who have been the tempters of themselves†. By examining the tragically heroic figure of Macbeth, in relation to characters such as Banquo and Lady Macbeth, it becomes clear that while the witches serve as harbingers of fate, they simply bring the desires already existing within Macbeth to the surface, and therefore, should not be held responsible for Macbeth’s demise as he himself gave the witches permission to manipulate him by interpreting their words in an ill manner. In Macbeth, the witches act as a symbol of the dark side of human nature and the outside forces which have the capability to influence man’s decisions. Shakespeare depicts the witches as hideous, otherworldly, androgynous beings who are â€Å"so wither’d and so wild in their attire, That look not like the inhabitants o’ the earth† (I.iii.41-42). They appear to have no regardShow MoreRelatedSummary : Bless Me, Ultima, Rudolfo Anaya Essay1697 Words   |  7 PagesSupernatural The practice of witchcraft throughout history has had an everlasting impact on how witches are portrayed in our modernistic era. In the novel, Bless Me, Ultima, Rudolfo Anaya depicts the development of Ultima, an old curandera, to symbolize a recurrent theme of how being different is looked down upon. Although being accused of witchcraft has had a negative connotation all throughout history, there is a fine line between using witchcraft for good rather than evil. Witchcraft can haveRead MoreRole of Supernatural in Shakespeares a Midsummer Nights Dream1547 Words   |  7 PagesShakespeares Use of the Supernatural (Penn State University, English 444.2: Spring 1998) by Fred Coppersmith Near the end of the opening scene of Macbeth, Shakespeares three Weird Sisters proclaim in unison that fair is foul, and foul is fair, providing us, as readers, with perhaps the best understanding of the plays theme and the tragic downfall of its central character. That this revelation -- this pronouncement that all is not well in Scotland -- comes from a supernatural or otherworldly sourceRead MoreAnalysis Of Christopher Hill s The World Turned Upside Down Essay1168 Words   |  5 PagesVirginia in 1607 had confidence in the truth of witchcraft before they even set foot on North American soil. Like most Europeans, their Christian confidence had profound roots, and they saw the characteristic world as a spot that could be formed by supernatural forces (Witowsk i 2014). The first settlers to the New World had the same theological culture and Christian beliefs as their English counterparts; the settlers used their belief in the supernatural to explain things that they did not understandRead MoreGothic Elements Present in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter1310 Words   |  5 Pagesconsist of supernatural and inexplicable elements, prophecies and curses that have a major influence on the theme over the literature. Gothic is a method of literature with particular traits. Gothic elements are present in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter through Puritanism, sin and suspense and Gothic structure. The underlying theme within the novel suggests that sins of the past are unavoidable as they haunt the protagonist of the story. The Scarlet Letter is filled with gothic elements fromRead MoreResponse to Sexuality, Witchcraft and Violence in Macbeth by Dennis Biggins1613 Words   |  7 PagesEH 304 Late Shakespeare 10/10/2011 â€Å"Sexuality, Witchcraft, and Violence in Macbeth, by Dennis Biggins Summary: In this article, Biggins focuses on several themes, both obvious and discreet, within the plot of Macbeth. Biggins disputes other critics opinions that sexuality has little thematic importance in Macbeth, stating that the play is immersed in sexuality through both violent and mystical indications. Other critics refer to the play as the purest of Shakespeare s tragedies,Read MoreEssay on James I influence in Shakespeares Writing1519 Words   |  7 Pagesunlocked opportunities to the imagination and the idea of supernatural started to bloom. Although, the supernatural is sometime mistaken with the gods of certain religions, believing in ghosts and witches was independent from the people chosen religion. The question of the existence of the supernatural, or something bigger than us, in 16th century Europe focused mainly on God from the Christian perspective. During this time other supernatural characters were brought to light, affecting the politicsRead MoreThe Presentation of Witche s in William Shakespeares Macbeth Essay928 Words   |  4 Pagesstudying is Macbeth. Macbeth was written for James the first, and was written because he was interested in witchcraft. In the 17th century witchcraft was frowned upon to say the least, and most people who practised witchcraft were burned at the stake. This was because society couldnt handle witchcraft; they were frightened of it. But nowadays people understand witchcraft and dont see it as a threat; they almost see it as thrilling and interesting. There have been manyRead MoreShakespeares Use of the Supernatural in Macbeth Essay1249 Words   |  5 PagesShakespeares Use of the Supernatural in Macbeth When Shakespeare wrote Macbeth in the early 1600s the King of England was James I. James was king of Scotland too. He ruled in Scotland before coming king in England in 1603 as well. James was supposed to have descended from the real Banquo. Some people often think that Shakespeare wanted to flatter James I by writing this play by showing James that he was nothing like Macbeth. In Shakespeares play Macbeth it has beenRead MoreGothic Cinema And The Movie The Conjuring 1611 Words   |  7 Pagesgothic literature. For example, the element of the supernatural is the main part of this movie. By making the center of this movie about supernatural occurrences, it goes hand in hand with textual gothic. In textual gothic, there is almost always some type of supernatural element, even if it is as small as in The Castle of Otranto. However, instead of having a small supernatural element, The Conjuring provides the audience with extremely terrifying and real supernatural components. For example, one terrifyingRead MoreSalem Witch Trials : Witchcraft Essay1107 Words   |  5 PagesSalem Witch Trials Witchcraft has been around since the B.C. era, but erupted in the late 1600s. It began in Europe and eventually made its way to the New World. Witchcraft is believing in and the use of practical magic, such as casting spells, calling on spirits, or predicting the future. Witchcraft is derived from the Anglo-Saxon word, â€Å"wicce,† meaning wise. Therefore, it translates into â€Å"craft of the wise.† Wise people were those who were familiar with natures’ forces and were educated when it

Allama Iqbal and the Concept of Muslim Nation Free Essays

IQBAL’ S CONTRIBUTION TO THE REAWAKENING OF THE MUSLIM WORLD Muhammad Aman Hob ohm Some time before his death the poet and philosopher Mohammad Iqbal, in whose memory this meeting is held, wrote the following quatrain: â€Å"When I depart from this world everyone will say: â€Å"He was known to me But in truth, none knows this traveller, Or what he said, and to whom nor whence he came. â€Å" I have neither the good fortune of knowing Iqbal personally nor am 11 an Iqbal scholar. When I was asked by the Honorary General Secretary, Pakistan Cultural Group, to participate in this meeting and to share with you some of my thoughts on the contribution made by Mohammad Iqbal to the renaissance of the Muslim World in general and to the re-awakening of Muslims of pre-partitioned India in particular, I accepted, mainly for the following two reasons: Firstly I feel that as a Muslim whose own understanding of Islam has been deeply influenced by Iqbal it was my duty to join you in paying homage to this great and noble soul repaying some of the debt of gratitude I owe him for enlightening me through his writings on so many aspects of Islamic teachings and for in-creasing my love and respect for the Messenger (peace be upon him) — and his message through Iqbal’s inspired exposition of the religion of Islam, — the religion of my choice. We will write a custom essay sample on Allama Iqbal and the Concept of Muslim Nation or any similar topic only for you Order Now Secondly acceptance of your kind invitation to address tonight lies in the fact that I hail from a country for which Iqbal has always had the highest esteem and what is more, a deep and abiding love and admiration i. e. Germany. Iqbal himself tells us in the preface to Payam-e-Mushriq the book in which his art has probably reached the height of power and perfection, that of the two great sages who have influenced him more than anyone else in his career as a thinker and poet, one was Maulana Jalal-ud-Din Roomi — who hailed from the East, the other was Goethe, who came from West. Iqbal went to Germany in 1906 when he studied philosophy at the Universities of Heidelberg and Munich. He presented his doctoral thesis entitled â€Å"The Development of Metaphysics in Persia† to the Munich University which, in November 1907, conferred on him the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. His thesis was an original contribution to the subject and it still retains its importance. During his stay in Heidelberg and Munich he developed deep admiration for Germany, German thought, and poetry. As every scholar of Iqbal knows there are innumerable instances in his writings, his letters and in recorded conversation with him which clearly indicate that the works of German philosopher and poets have been a source of great inspiration to him. I have in my possession a number of letters which Iqbal wrote to his German tutor in Heidelberg. These letters, some of them written in fluent German, express his love and admiration for Germany in a most touching and convincing way. â€Å"It is impossible for me†, writes Iqbal to his tutor â€Å"to forget your beautiful country where I have learned so much†. My stay in Heidelberg is nothing now but a beautiful dream. How I’d wish I could repeat it†. â€Å"I am very fond of Germany. It has had great influence on my ideals, and I shall never forget my stay in that country†. Never shall I forget the days I spent at Heidelberg, where you taught me Goethe’s Faust, those were very happy days, indeed†. — And a final quotation, â€Å"Germany was a kind of second home to my spirit. I learned much and I thought much in that country. The home of Goethe has found a permanent place in my soul†. Iqbal’s stay in Europe from 1905 till 1908 has had, I think one can call it, â€Å"revolutionizing† effect on his attitude to life, and nowhere does this find a more forceful expression than in his poetry. Iqbal’s career as a poet began during his school days. His earlier poems show him as a lover of nature and as a patriot to his country, undivided India. Iqbal was, indeed, an ardent Indian nationalist, until he went abroad. However, during his stay in Europe he had an opportunity of studying modern nationalism at close quarters in its arious manifestations, with the- result that he came to realize the fundamental, antithesis between the narrow creed of racial and geographical loyalty and the broad humanistic outlook of Islam. Now he was no longer the poet of a particular nations. Despite he became the poet of Islam, and as such I dare say the poet of humanity. Likewise, his penetrating study of Western philosophy and social thought at their source, so to say, h is stay in Europe enabled him probably as the first Muslim in Modern lines, — to study Islam in the light of modern philosophical concepts. In this process and this is significant as it shows the mettle of which Iqbal was made, his faith in his religion — Islam and significance and lasting character of the fundamental values of Islam which far from weakening, gained so much in strength and conviction and assumed such dimensions that from now on he devoted himself wholly and solely to The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam — to use the title, of his well known collection of lectures on the subject — he became the foremost Muslim thinker of our age. But we cannot say him the philosopher of Islam, for he was far more than a mere lover of wisdom. His feet were too firmly planted in the earth. The very essence of his teachings was movement, dynamism, creative activity and not passive contemplation. Art thou alive? Be enthusiastic, be a creator, Be a conqueror of the Universe like me Smash the World into pieces if it does not suit thee And bring forth another world from the depth of thy being It is irritating for a free man to live in a World made by others He who is devoid of creative power Is naught for me but an infidel and a heretic. This is the spirit which made him take upon himself the gigantic task of rousing millions of fellow countrymen, millions of human beings and making them cast off the moral inertia which had paralysed their mind and spirit in the course of centuries. And this is also the spirit which prompted him, perhaps even compelled him to associate himself actively with politics from the later 1920s till the day of his death. It is because the political ideas such as are taking shape in India today, may affect the structure of Islam†, Iqbal is reported to have said, â€Å"that I am interested in politics†. And he said elsewhere: â€Å"Politics has its roots in the spiritual life of man — Religion is a force of great importance in the life of the individual as well as of nations†. â€Å"And religion which in its highest manifestations is neither dogma nor priesthood nor mere ritual, can al one ethically pre-pare modern man for the burden of the great responsibility which the advancement of modern science necessarily involves†¦. It is only by rising to a fresh vision of his origin and future, his whence and whither, that man will eventually triumph over a society motivated by an inhuman competition and a civilization which has lost its spiritual unity by its inner conflict of religious and political values†. So far Iqbal, the political thinker and visionary, who in this capacity too has found a place in history, through his famous presidential address at the Annual Session of the All India Muslim League at Allahabad in December 1930, in which he gave the world the concept of a consolidated, independent Muslim State in the Indo-Pakistan Sub-Continent. He thus became the founder, the originator of the Pakistan idea, though the word â€Å"Pakistan† was not coined by him. Iqbal’s unique contribution to Muslim thought is his concept of the Ego and of the perfect man, as other speakers tonight are likely to dwell upon at length. This is a point, should like to make according to Iqbal –man can achieve his highest possibilities only within and through society. This society must, however, fulfil certain conditions which Iqbal has formulated very clearly and which I may be permitted to enumerate, because of the importance which I personally attach to them. The ideal society must have a spiritual basis which is provided by the principle of Tawhid. â€Å"The state according to Islam, is only an effort to realize the spiritualism in a human organization†. â€Å"Islam, as a policy, is only a practical means of making this principle, the principle, of Tawhid, a living factor in the intellectual and traditional life of mankind. It demands loyally to God, and, this in my opinion is a pointed reference to British raj in lndia, not to thrones. And since God is the ultimate spiritual basis of all life, loyalty to God virtually amounts to man’s loyally to his ideal nature. Iqbal further insists that it must centre around the Prophet (peace be upon him), that it must have a code — the Holy Quran and a focus — Mecca, and it ought to apply itself to conquering the forces of nature. Iqbal was convinced that the decadence of the East as it obtained in his days and before, its economic and political disintegration were caus ed to a large ex-tent by its neglect of science. But let us not forget that he also demanded that his ideal society must maintain traditions, for traditions are a factor of stability. His ideal society is the Ummah as envisaged by Islam. His ideal man the Prophet (peace be upon him). At a time when the East was in an extremely distressing and difficult situation, defeated and humiliated by an adversity who seemed to be all powerful while the West stood at the apex of its glory, when no one would have given a frame for the Muslims and their future – he brought out in verse/and rhyme/and prose — thus laying the foundation for the resurgence of Islam of which we are witnesses — he brought out restated fundamentals, nay essentials of Islam in a clarity which cannot be surpassed. And by doing so he restored confidence in the hearts of millions of our brethren, fortified their belief and gave them new hope for the future. A future — and that was Iqbal’s most cherished vision — in which alI Muslims would form an indivisible community, united in the belief that their religion, the religion of Islam — and here I may be permitted to quote Iqbal once again — that their religion, i. e. Islam is not a departmental affair. That is neither mere thought nor mere feeling, nor mere action; that it is the expression of the whole man. May God bless his soul. How to cite Allama Iqbal and the Concept of Muslim Nation, Papers

Sustainable Development and Analysis for BMW- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theSustainable Development and Analysis for BMW. Answer: Success of sustainable development strategy by BMW BMW has been branding the company as efficient dynamics which denotes its sincerity in achieving a most sustainable mode of operation with a focus on optimizing the range of combustion engine which features 3-, 4- and 6- cylinder power units. After a brief study of BMWs systematic manufacture of productions ensures that they are maintaining a harmonious relationship with the environment without plundering its renewable sources of energy For a holistic development BMW has acquired plans to reduce CO2 emissions by 2020 by almost half and focused on hydrogen as an alternative option (Kapferer Michaut-Denizeau, 2017). BMW Company adheres to the policy of preserving the surrounding environment and had launched Project I, which focused on the designing of vehicles so as to achieve the most for sustainable development. Its main focus was to develop new strategies in the areas of RD and marketing. This has created a niche for BMW in the market for its approach to sustainability and development. It has manufactured electric vehicles as a means of sustainable development and production. BMW has developed the GINA concept which has generated the flow of innovative thinking amongst the customers and has met with their requirements in an innovative manner. It is lightweight and made up of carbon fiber is therefore helpful in meeting the principles of sustainable development because of its recyclable nature. BMW GINA is the best example in demonstrating how to make higher quality products for consumers while at the same time preserving the key principles of sustainable development which challenges the previous and harmful patterns of consumption by consumers. BMW has been a pioneer in its approach to enrich the quality of green cars, one of the major examples being Landshut. BMW has adhered to the principle of sustainable management of resources by preserving the natural environment by adopting policies like development of zero emission vehicles. BMW has tackled with the issue of global warming, BMW has manufactured smaller cars to reduce CO2 emissions and has adopted environment guidelines as stated in the Charter for Sustainable Development of the International Chamber of Commerce (Castillod, 2016).With a more judicious eradication of traditional resources, it has adopted electricity as it is both comparatively cheaper and friendlier that the usage of petrol and diesel. One of the best examples if BMW i3 which generated zero emissions and complies with the objective of being a green car. Their strategies have made them to win the Urban Car of the Year award with their launch of BMW i3. They have also emphasized in waste management operations for improving the quality of their recycled products (Barkemeyer et al., 2014). Their strategy of implementing b attery-electric has made them a forerunner in the domain of sustainable production. BMW has implemented the usage of lighter magnesium is order to makes its products lighter which offers for an improved fuel economy and easier recycling process. BMW has also developed the approach to use aluminum and CFRP to use them as wheel rims (Kapferer Michaut-Denizeau, 2017). BMW has also integrated the concept of resource efficiency with the usage of raw materials which has enabled BMW to reduce its exploitation of natural resources. It is also a part of circular economy which is a key to sustainable development. Circular economy has helped BMW to limit its usage of virgin materials and reduction of waste products. Furthermore, BMW has also concentrated on job creation rate by increasing the rate of recycling, reuse and remanufacturing. In this way BMW ensures for the adequate preservation of resources for the future. As a part of their sustainable development in production process BMW has sketched i-brand which is made up of renewable energies and has a greenhouse gas potential is almost 50% lower than the most of the other automobiles (Kapferer Michaut-Denizeau, 2017). This is at par with one of the strictest principles of sustainable development and production, to preserve bio-diversity ad conducting business in such a way so that it does not hamper the surrounding cultural and social aspects of the environment. BMW has generated a scrutinized system of maintaining workers health within the workplace environment, retirement models, health insurance and other benefits (Barkemeyer et al., 2014). Additionally apart from their development of sustainable products they have adhered to a non-discriminatory culture to eradicate gender discrimination. They have taken measures like sustainable transport, product responsibility with the elimination of obsolete technology, making packaging less harmful to eradicate the danger of chemical contamination, creation of jobs to reduce unemployment and poverty (Castillod, 2016). It can be firmly asserted that BMW has taken all the necessary steps like usage of renewable sources of energy, maintaining workers health and safety as per the protocols of sustainable development. Reference List: Barkemeyer, R., Holt, D., Preuss, L., Tsang, S. (2014). What happened to the developmentin sustainable development? Business guidelines two decades after Brundtland.sustainable development,22(1), 15-32. Castillod, J. J. (2016).Teamwork in the Automobile Industry: Radical Change or Passing Fashion?. Springer. Grey, C. P., Tarascon, J. M. (2017). Sustainability and in situ monitoring in battery development.Nature materials,16(1), 45. Kapferer, J. N., Michaut-Denizeau, A. (2017). Is luxury compatible with sustainability? Luxury consumers viewpoint. InAdvances in Luxury Brand Management (pp. 123-156). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.